Saturday, August 22, 2009

The flag, the casket, and the cross


There was a parking problem as we neared Osu Military Cemetery in the funeral train of my father in law. At first, I thought there must have been a game getting started at Accra's huge national sports stadium, right across the street from the cemetery.




And there may have been, though as we exited the taxi and went inside the cemetery grounds, it became clear that the crowd of mourners was large enough to explain the congestion.




My wife and her oldest living sister, Mary Magdalene, both in mourning black with traditional headwraps, conferred with the pastor and the soldier who was overseeing the participation of the Ghana Army.



It was a distinct and strange sight - a large crowd waiting outside a cemetery for a funeral to begin, within sight of a sports stadium, which was not especially crowded. As an American, I associate mobs of waiting people with sporting events, not ceremonies to mark the passing of an elder.



The gravediggers were still putting some finishing touches to their work when we arrived. This, too, struck me as distinctly West African, from my experience over a number of visits here.



Ghana definitely is a work in progress, where human efforts and improvisations are not completely obscured under a patina of professionalism, as we often find in the U.S. Half the homes one sees in Accra are half-built, for example. Why not come across a grave, one's final home and resting place, while it is still under construction?



With my interest in literature and spiritual matters, I will confess a fascination with cemeteries and gravediggers. Digging a grave is among the most primal of human activities. Helplessly, I think of the gravedigger scene in Hamlet.



My father in law, Kpakpo Mensah, was a veteran of the Ghana Army who retired with 18 years of service, which made him deserving of a military burial. Another military funeral was scheduled for the same day, and the two graves had been dug side by side.


The hearse is another iconic artifact that marks the boundary between the living and the dead, a boundary that is flimsier than the living might at times wish for it to be.



M.M., as we call Mary Magdalene, had hired a vintage Mercedes-Benz hearse that was, I thought, quite stately.



As the family of the dead man gathered near the grave, it was another opportunity to admire the custom of choosing a textile print and having clothes made in the same fabric for family members. Funerals are a time when we long for unity and connection, and this custom helps to satisfy that longing.



You can see, on the other side of the hearse, one of the blue busses rented to transport family members from the funeral ceremony at the family compound to the cemetery.



I'm sure I was not alone in finding something noble and comforting in the presence of soldiers assissting us with the burial.



At the same time, human beings what we are, there were comments made, off to the side, that one might have expected for a contingent of soldiers to be a little sturdier and more assured in their efforts to hoist and carry a coffin.



Another aside: Notice that the people on the billboard - on all the billboards - are all black. It's always interesting for me - as a white man who works in the minority press in the U.S. - to be in a country where people are always represented as black because that is the overwhelming human norm here.



Some guests from the burial that preceded ours seemed to linger for a moment to see what sort of ceremony we had in store.



Of course, when you live and die in Ghana, your cemetery landscaping is likely to include tall gorgeous palm trees.



I find the colors and design of the Ghana flag to be beautiful and was thrilled to see Kpakpo's coffin draped with that flag.



I like the soldier's arm on his fellow soldier's shoulder at the rear of the casket convoy.



If you click on this image to enlarge it and scan the faces in the crowd, you will see some fascinating emotions on people who will loom large later in the burial service.



The videographer M.M. hired (on the other side of the casket) was always in place for a great shot and produced excellent DVDs of the four-day Homegoing celebration.



Emotion really begins to descend upon people when you see the casket begin to be lowered into the grave.



There is finality - and then there is finality.



And we all know a similar end awaits us all.



I was grateful to have an assigned task - taking photographs - to take my mind off the reality of the moment, like the soldiers who had purely technical concerns at hand.



The older man to the left, in the traditional wrap showing his bare shoulder, is Kpakpo's uncle. He is one of the traditionalists who came over from the ancestral village of Aneho in the neighboring country of Togo.



It is said the single black star on the Ghana flag represents Ghana's status as the first independent modern African nation-state.



A new technical problem for the soldiers, as the family coped with emotion: folding up the flag.



Coping with emotion.



"I stand at the crossroads." - From an Akan dirge



As the soldiers fold the flag,



one corner at a time,



it reveals the reality of the casket,



the reality of the final resting place,



the final resting place of the man we have lost,



and the presence of the cross,



for many, the promise of the cross, of everlasting life.



The flag has been folded.



The soldiers' work is done.


Friday, August 21, 2009

One last journey to his final resting place


Once the passage of the body and spirit had been greased with goat's blood, it was time to bring the casket carrying the remains of my father in law from the family compound and take it out into the world for one last journey to his final resting place.



My father in law, Kpakpo Mensah, served more than 18 years in the Ghana military, retiring as a Warrant Officer II. As such, he was entitled to a military burial. One soldier played Taps on a bugle as others shouldered the casket.



They carried the casket, shrouded in the Ghana flag, over the threshhold where the goat was bled for the dead man's spirit.



The soldiers carried the flag-draped casket down the dirt alley where, on the final morning of the Homegoing ceremony, we would release the dead man's spirit with libations.



Everyone wearing the white fabric with the black chief motif print is a close family member who got the memo that this was the pattern we all would be wearing throughout the Homegoing.



The hearse was waiting on the paved road that would lead us out of Nima, a shantytown in the city center of Accra, Ghana, where my wife's family is based.



The hearse was a Mercedes. You can live and die in very high style in Accra, even in Nima.



We filed past the hearse to the paved road to find our own transportation to the military cemetery.



Life in Nima continued on all around us, with street sellers plying their wares, which they carry stacked on the tops of their heads.


My wife Karley, our niece Vida and a close family friend waited on the street for my wife's sister, Mary Magdalene.



The soldier who had played Taps was the man with the plan.



Most conversations in Ghana are carried out in local languages, which I have not been able to learn, and the pace is usually too fast for me to stop anyone for translations, so I spend a lot of time reading body language.

Karley and the other immediate children of the old man were in mourning black and would wear their chief motif outfits the next day at the Sunday reception.


When I saw this picture as a thumbnail on the camera screen, I thought this woman was taking a picture of me. The sight of a Buronyi ("corn-colored person") in a shantytown like Nima is not common, and a Buronyi in mourning attire participating in a funeral while taking pictures of it is rare indeed. But when I saw the photograph in detail I recognized the person behind the camera as our dear family friend Christina, visiting from the U.S.



I was struck by the crazy beauty of the Nima landscape as the backdrop for the Jeep ferrying the soldiers to join the funeral train.



Though public sanitation is an issue in a shantytown like this, and my family always cautions me to watch my step in Nima, the place throbs with life and vitality. The streets of Nima offered quite a contrast to the somber ceremony.



My wife walked proudly down the streets of her birth to join her father's funeral train.



Much of the family rode in chartered busses that waited around the corner, but we piled into the taxi Christina had secured for the day. Taxis pester the streets of Accra like mosquitos, yet it's not unusual for a person of means to in effect hire a car for the day by also paying them to wait for you between rides you need.



Nima is rough - and beautiful.



The funeral train proceeded out of the shantytown and onto the better paved streets of the more commercial districts of downtown Accra, the nation's capital and one of West Africa's safest and most prosperous cities.



We turned the corner, toward the Osu Military Cemetery ...


* Pictures are by me. Click them and they get bigger. *



More in this series

Blood on the threshhold and on the butcher's shoes
"Praise him upon the loud cymbals: praise him"
A fine farewell to a father in law
Family and friends at Kpakpo Mensah's Homegoing

Thursday, August 20, 2009

Blood on the threshhold and on the butcher's shoes


I toughed my way through my father in law's funeral services in Accra, Ghana, with a wicked traveler's cold that sent me scurrying out of the compound, from time to time, to clear my sinuses.

Returning from one of these errands, I was surprised to see my wife's oldest living brother Eric Akwei come around the corner coming out of the compound, carrying a goat with another man. The other man was wielding a knife.

They proceeded to stretch out the goat on the threshhold leading out of the compound. The man hired to videotape the Homegoing and I were in place as they slit the goat's throat and poured a pool of its crimson blood on the threshhold.


I have heard of a chicken with it's head cut off, but never a goat with its throat slit. Much like the proverbial chicken, the goat wrenched away and made it a few steps around the corner of the wall before the men tracked it and seized it, leaving its bright red blood on the threshhold - precisely where the body of my father in law, Kpakpo Mensah, momentarily would be carried out of his mother's home and toward the grave awaiting him at the military cemetery.



The man helping Eric with the goat was a local butcher, who had an occasional weekend sideline gig in ritual slaughter for the traditional aspects of ceremonies like this.

The more traditional Mina family members who had traveled to Accra from the ancestral village back in Togo had explained to the city people that blood of goat on the threshhold would ease the passage of the body and spirit of the dead man, out of the house of the living and into the land of the spirits.

But the meat of the goat would not be wasted. The butcher would carve it up and the family would save it for a ceremonial soup that had its own important place later in the four-day Homegoing observance.



The significance of the goat blood and goat soup would be explained to me later. As this bloody ritual unfolded before me, I only reacted to the spectacle and tried to capture the story in pictures. My wife had asked me to bring our camera and shoot the services, so I was essentially being a role player in the extended family, performing an assigned duty.

But I knew enough about the circles of the spirit in traditional African religion to get a pretty good hunch about what was going on here. Fresh blood on the threshhold. Passages of the body and the spirit. The reliance of the human being on the flesh and blood of animals.

These highminded and abstracted thoughts jarred against the homely image of the local butcher cleaning his knife in a bucket and washing the goat blood off his feet and flipflops. The blood on the threshhold might portend passages of the spirit, but the blood left on the butcher's plastic shoes was just a mess.

* Pictures are by me. Click them and they get bigger. *

More in this series